Previously we've talked about Samurai, specifically bushido , this time we will discuss the society.
As before, we must say that the figure of the Samurai is surrounded by legend and wonder, so we can have a vision "topical" and "romantic" of these warriors. Samurai warriors were loyal to his master, but there were also some samurai known as Ronins (wave man), some warriors were free, they ended up in that situation for the death of the man who served or the loss of her favors, but they were also the children Ronins of Ronins .
probably the samurai as a class, born in the twelfth century, but in fact it dates back about BC when they appear s.IV military elites within tribal society. Therefore, you can see this as a background source of these warriors. These tribal warriors were gaining power and prestige over time, became in large clans.
In Heian period (794-1192) rose as the samurai class. Also during this period one can say that the samurai adopted many of their characteristics with respect to weapons and clothing. At the end of the twelfth century, when Minamoto Yoritomo won Gempei War, established the supremacy of caste samurai, which was one of the major players in Japan in the following centuries.
Japanese feudal society s.XVI
The samurai formed a caste family was serving the high nobility (daimyo ). These gentlemen based their power in personal and family ties.
At the top of the pyramid is the Japanese feudal Daimyo and their immediate families, below the fudai, are families who had long been serving ecuentran daimyo.
After the subjects we find that in most cases are due daimyo in feudal internal wars, which were becoming vassals of the conqueror, adding that his generals. Links loyalties were so very complicated.
Within this social organization, was a purely military and this is where the samurai are center stage. There were different classes of samurai, which according to their status and wealth brought his horse, weapons, men and equipment in the service of his master whenever required.
At the base of the military society were the ashigaru, which constituted the bulk of combatants: bearers, infantry, archers, messengers, etc.. The military class was working as day laborers in the service of the samurai peacetime.
After the battle of Sekigahara, where Tokugawa Ieyasu defeated, there was a great period of peace for some three centuries samurai What do the three centuries of peace? Samurai caste was closed further and became members of the court to participate in its administration and advice and duels were common. The daymio were forced to reduce its troops and Ronins began to be a problem.
Meiji Restoration
In 1868 he gave the Meiji Restoration was a Westernization of Japan, which the samurai was not the only armed force, was abolished the right to carry katana in public and kill servers disrespected the samurai. Established "equality" among the Japanese, so the samurai lost their position was favorable and growing unrest, some were able to adapt to the new situation and incorporated into other work.
In 1877 he gave the last samurai battle ( reflected very idyllic in The Last Samurai ) led by Saigo (in the painting that accompanies this post), followed by nearly fifty thousand disgruntled samurai, he went to Tokyo to defeat the government. A modern army was sent by the government and the battle lasted a week. This army was not professional but he managed to defeat the samurai. Saigo was defeated and forced to retreat, so follow the samurai code of honor in practice the hara-kiri.
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